Partial Knee Replacement

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Partial knee replacement is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that resurfaces the worn knee joint with metal and plastic components. Cartilage covering the ends of the femur (thighbone) and tibia (shinbone) can wear away causing pain, swelling and reduced mobility. If the wear is confined to one area of the knee, partial knee replacement may be an option.

Any area of contact related to the knee can fall victim to the wear and tear effects of arthritis – causing pain, heat, stiffness and swelling. Partial knee replacement may be an option for those who have painful, debilitating arthritis limited to one area of the knee and who no longer get relief from conservative measures, such as physical therapy, medications or weight loss. Only your doctor can determine if you are a candidate for this procedure.

There are a number of advantages of partial knee replacement when compared with total knee replacement. Because a smaller area of the knee is affected, the implants are smaller, allowing surgeons to use smaller incisions. In addition, there is less trauma to the bone and surrounding tissue, resulting in less blood loss, less likelihood of transfusion and a quicker recovery time when compared with total knee replacement.

Many people will be able to go home the day after the procedure. Because most of the knee joint is left intact after the operation, there is typically less pain than with total knee replacement. Patients will typically use a walker or cane for 2 weeks or so and can be driving in 2 to 3 weeks and golfing, dancing and bowling in 4 to 6 weeks. Keep in mind that these are just estimates and that recovery and healing times vary with each person.

All knee replacements can wear out over time. How long a particular implant may last varies from patient to patient and depends on a number of factors including the patient’s weight, activity level and the accuracy of the implant’s placement. Recent studies have shown that for appropriately selected patients, partial knee replacement can last 10 years or more.

Even though partial knee replacement is considered a minimally invasive procedure, it is still surgery and there are risks you need to be aware of. Possible complications include:

• Blood clots in your leg veins
• Infection
• Implant loosening
• Fractures
• Nerve or blood vessel damage

Your surgeon and healthcare team will be taking great care to minimize the risk of these and other complications. Keep in mind that complications are relatively rare, but they need to be understood by you and your family. Your surgeon will be happy to answer any questions that you may have.